Where GCCs are today
Talent is concentrated but spreading. Bengaluru alone holds over 30% of India’s GCCs and 35% of the GCC workforce (Invest India). At the same time, over 82,000 GCC professionals worked from tier-2 and tier-3 cities such as Coimbatore, Indore and Vizag in FY2024 (Zinnov).
| City or region | What the sources show |
|---|---|
| Bengaluru (Karnataka) | Over 30% of GCCs and 35% of the GCC workforce |
| Hyderabad (Telangana) | T-Mobile technology centre (inaugurated June 2026; 250,000 sq ft, about 1,000 staff planned by 2027); Lonza planned GCC; JLL’s second Business Services hub (120,000 sq ft); Billtrust GCC (₹450 crore over three years); Sanofi GCC expansion; Eli Lilly capability centre |
| Chennai and Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu) | AstraZeneca’s Chennai GCC, its largest worldwide; over 50,000 GCC jobs from more than 40 global companies in the three years to July 2024 (Business Standard) |
| Mumbai and Pune (Maharashtra) | Lower rent and payroll support rates than the rest of the state under the GCC Policy 2025 |
| Gurugram (Haryana) | JLL’s first Business Services hub |
| Gautam Buddha Nagar and Ghaziabad (Uttar Pradesh) | Gautam Buddha Nagar and Ghaziabad get shorter payroll support than the rest of the state |
| GIFT City (Gujarat) | IFSC option for group financial-services centres |
| Tier-2 and tier-3 cities | Coimbatore, Indore, Vizag named; Mysuru and Mangaluru in Karnataka’s clusters |
Headcounts in company announcements are plans, not commitments.
Tier-1 or tier-2
Tier-1 cities hold most of today’s GCC workforce. Tier-2 locations can attract higher state support: Maharashtra pays more rent and payroll support outside Mumbai and Pune, Uttar Pradesh sets its Level-1 entry at ₹15 crore of investment or 100 employees and gives a fourth year of payroll support outside Gautam Buddha Nagar and Ghaziabad, and Karnataka funds up to 75% of innovation-lab cost in its named clusters.
A national framework guiding states on GCCs in tier-2 cities was announced in the Union Budget 2025-26 and was at draft stage in January 2026.
State GCC policies compared
| State | Policy and term | Main support |
|---|---|---|
| Karnataka | GCC Policy 2024–29; final version released 19 Nov 2024 (the draft targeted 500 new GCCs and 350,000 jobs by 2029) | Innovation lab or centre-of-excellence support up to ₹5 crore in Bengaluru Urban (two projects a year); in six named clusters including Mysuru and Mangaluru, up to 75% of cost, capped at ₹3 crore; 100% reimbursement of electricity duty |
| Maharashtra | GCC Policy 2025, valid to FY2029-30; operational guidelines notified Aug 2026; target ₹50,600 crore and about 400,000 jobs | Capital subsidy up to 20% (capped ₹10–100 crore by size) or rent support of 10% (Mumbai/Pune) or 20% (rest of state), capped ₹1–4 crore a year; payroll support of 40% (Mumbai/Pune) or 50% (rest) of salary above ₹1 lakh a month, up to ₹50,000 per employee a year for 100 employees for 3 years; stamp duty relief 75–100% in IT parks, SEZs and STPIs |
| Tamil Nadu | Special Scheme to promote GCCs, G.O.(Ms.) No. 34 of 12 Mar 2024; 1 Apr 2024 to 31 Mar 2027, up to 50 GCCs | Payroll subsidy of 30% (year 1), 20% (year 2) and 10% (year 3) on basic wages of jobs paying ₹1 lakh a month or more, for employees domiciled in Tamil Nadu |
| Uttar Pradesh | UP GCC Policy 2024, notified 7 May 2025, five years from notification | Capital subsidy 25% (up to ₹10 crore Level-1, ₹25 crore Advanced GCC, over seven years); land subsidy 30–50%; full stamp duty exemption; 20% opex reimbursement up to ₹40–80 crore a year; payroll reimbursement for 3 years (4 outside Gautam Buddha Nagar and Ghaziabad) up to ₹10–20 crore a year; 5% interest subsidy up to ₹1 crore a year |
| Gujarat | GCC Policy 2025–30, resolution of 11 Feb 2025, in force to 31 Mar 2030 | Capex up to 20% (buildings) and 30% (IT hardware, software), ceiling ₹50 crore; opex up to 15%, capped ₹20 crore a year for five years (mega projects ₹200 crore and ₹40 crore); job incentive up to ₹50,000 (men) or ₹60,000 (women); EPF 75–100% for five years; 7% interest subsidy capped ₹1 crore a year |
| Odisha | GCC Policy-2025, valid five years from 31 Dec 2025 | Lease rental reimbursement up to ₹2,000 per employee a month for five years; 100% reimbursement of employer ESI and EPF for five years for Odisha-domiciled staff; 5% interest subsidy capped ₹10 crore a year for five years; power tariff reimbursed at ₹2 per unit for five years |
Andhra Pradesh also has an IT & GCC Policy (4.0) 2024–2029 (G.O.Ms.No.9 of 12 Dec 2024). Its land order of 16 Aug 2025 offers nominal-price land to Fortune- or Forbes-listed firms or those with USD 1 bn market capitalisation or revenue, conditional on at least 3,000 jobs within three years and 500 jobs per acre.
Note: The sources do not summarise a GCC-specific incentive for Telangana, whose listed policies include the ICT Policy 2.0 (2021-26). Confirm current terms with the state before relying on any support in Hyderabad.
Eligibility conditions that decide the choice
| Condition | Where it applies |
|---|---|
| Minimum operating period of 10 years; Registration Certificate | Maharashtra |
| Parent in the Forbes Global 2000 or Fortune 1000 (exceptions by committee); 200 direct jobs in the scheme period | Tamil Nadu |
| Employees domiciled in the state | Tamil Nadu (payroll subsidy); Odisha (ESI and EPF reimbursement) |
| Level-1 entry from ₹15 crore investment or 100 employees outside Gautam Buddha Nagar and Ghaziabad | Uttar Pradesh (Business Standard, 23 Sep 2026) |
| Salary threshold of ₹1 lakh a month | Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu payroll support |
| Location in an IT park, SEZ or STPI | Maharashtra stamp duty relief |
| Limited scheme window or cap on numbers | Tamil Nadu (to 31 Mar 2027, up to 50 GCCs); Karnataka (two Bengaluru Urban projects a year) |
State FDI context
Maharashtra and Karnataka took over half of FDI equity in FY2025-26: Maharashtra 31.3% (USD 18.4 bn) and Karnataka 22.0% (USD 12.9 bn). Gujarat took 9.7%, Tamil Nadu 8.0%, Haryana 7.7% and Telangana 3.8% (DPIIT Fact Sheet to Mar 2026, provisional). These shares reflect all sectors, not GCCs alone. For general state incentives see state incentives.
What to check next
- Check domicile, salary and job thresholds against your hiring plan before shortlisting a state.
- Confirm whether the building qualifies for stamp duty relief before signing a lease.
- For Tamil Nadu, confirm that places remain within the 50-GCC cap and that the parent qualifies.
- Weigh lock-in periods, such as Maharashtra’s 10 years, against your expected commitment.
- Confirm current Telangana and Karnataka terms directly with the state department.